What is domain?
When somebody tells you that domain is address of a site — don't listen to him! Actually term specified in your address bar is not domain but domain name!
Domain is a logical division of a computer network, in which all nodes can reach each other by broadcast at the data link layer. A broadcast domain can be within the same LAN segment or it can be bridged to other LAN segments.
Domain name is an identification label that defines a realm of administrative autonomy, authority, or control on the Internet, based on the Domain Name System (DNS).
The length of a domain name have an a limitations due to administrative and technical specialties. Usually top leveld domains (TLDs) have an limitation up to 63 characters but in some TLDs domain names can contatin up to 127 characters. Anyway full domain name may not exceed a total length of 253 characters.
The top-level domains (TLDs) are the highest level of domain names of the Internet. They form the DNS root zone of the hierarchical Domain Name System. Every domain name ends in a top-level or first-level domain label.
A DNS root zone is the top-level DNS zone in a Domain Name System (DNS) hierarchy. Most commonly it refers to the root zone of the largest global DNS, deployed for the Internet. The zone is managed by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), managed by ICANN.
- The right-most label conveys the top-level domain; for example, the domain name www.ip-1.com belongs to the top-level domain com.
- The hierarchy of domains descends from the right to the left label in the name; each label to the left specifies a subdivision, or subdomain of the domain to the right. For example: the label keyboard specifies a subdomain of the su domain, and english is a subdomain of keyboard.su. This tree of labels may consist of 127 levels. Each label may contain up to 63 ASCII characters.
- A hostname is a domain name that has at least one associated IP address. For example, the domain names www.ip-1.com and ip-1.com are also hostnames, whereas the com domain is not.
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